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TIBET
TIBET
The Tibetan elevation, located between India and China, has in many ways affected the influences of the two major neighboring cultures, although it was for long periods of complete isolation, a clear element of backwardness. For many centuries the Tibetan population does not seem to have a different existence from that of the nomads of the marginal regions of China. Only in the early seventeenth century, the great Tibetan ruler, Sroang Bushan Gammu (613-650), tried to give the country a more advanced culture, the fruit of the composition between Indian and Chinese contributions. Shortly afterwards, Buddhism was introduced, but in Tibet developed in forms particularly associated with pastoral animeistic superstitions: this phenomenon came from the characteristic part of the Tibetan organization that became a monastic theocracy in which the monasteries held all political and economic power. Fundamental to the history of Lamaiism, namely Tibetan Buddhism, was the series of religious reforms introduced in the 14th century by the monk Chong Ha Pa (1357-1419) who gave a steady form to the system of succession of the greatest holder of religious and secular power, the Dalai Lama. The Chinese power in Tibet, which had been established in various ways and was lost earlier, was firmly restored in the early 18th century when the policy of the Ching dynasty led to the strengthening of Beijing's power in peripheral regions. But this situation began to weaken since British forces established in India were trying to expand their sovereignty and influence over the Tibetan region. This effort reached its peak at the beginning of this century with a series of British military initiatives and at the Simla conference in 1913 in which the Tibetan authorities, despite the Chinese opposition, recognized a kind of British protectorate and accepted a great and profound change of the border for the benefit of the British Empire of India. The troubled years followed, culminating in the repression of an anti-communist rebellion headed by the Dalai Lama Court in 1959. After this last incident, the Dalai Lama and a section of his government fled to India, while the Chinese government-dissolving the Lhasa government the administration that depended on it-placed Padcheng Lama, a historical opponent of the Dalai Lama in his capacity as a leader of the Sigasha government and a tradition of pro-Chinese leadership of a preparatory committee for the autonomous Tibetan region. This committee obtained all government powers and became the instrument for the implementation of the radical policy of socially revolutionary reforms introduced in 1959 in the area of land ownership, the personal situation of the peasants, and the economic and technical impact of the monasteries confined to simple religious institutions. As part of this process, Panchen Lama was removed from power and an intensification of the popularization campaign of the country's life, which culminated in the autumn of 1965 with the transformation of Tibet into an autonomous region. Distant and inaccessible, isolated behind towering mountain volumes Tibet was the forbidden dream of the most daring travelers. In the past decade only the first travelers were admitted. Even today admission is only allowed if they are groups with a minimum of 10 people. The roof of the world, called the Tibetan Plateau, was for long periods of complete isolation that clearly reflects the regression. Exotic, rugged and mysterious place where silence reigns. High altitude and sparse oxygen literally "breathe". The imposing Himalayas and the highest peak on Mount Qomolangma's NEIGHBORHOOD boundary are permanently snow-covered and in dense rain forests. The story of this people is his religion. The brilliant tradition blended with the wisdom of Han (the 1/3 of the population) and other nationalities is demonstrated in the ancient XIANG XIONG ruins, Yumbu Lakang Palace, the ruins of the ancient Guge Kingdom, the Potala Palace and the Jokhang Temple and hundreds of monasteries and religious centers, dominated by the Buddhist monks in the dark-reds praying at every step. The Tibetan heights suffered in various ways by the influences of the two neighboring cultures of India and China. Buddhism introduced to the country during the 7th century was mixed with pastoral, animeistic superstitions and as a result a monastic theocracy was created where the monasteries held political and economic power with ruler Dalai Lama. In Tibet, a claim between China and India, where the English spoke through India, Buddhism introduced to the country during the 7th century was mixed with pastoral, animeistic superstitions and as a result a monastic theocracy was created where the monasteries held political and economic power with ruler Dalai Lama. In Tibet, a claim between China and India, where the English spoke through India, the uprisings in 1959 culminated in the repression of an anti-communist insurgency in which Dalai Lama was trusted. Since then, China, after being expelled to India, took over the Tibetan power that turned it into a Chinese military vanguard. Tibetan Buddhism affects the tradition and cultural traditions of many ethnic minorities. Festival festivals, weddings and funerals, rural celebrations, where colorful costumes, dances, crowd movement "fill" dynamically with visitors. In Tibet there is also the establishment of the killing of the dead, some of the factors that contributed to this decision are the rocky and frozen ground, the lack of firewood (due to the scarcity of forests) and others. There are five ways of killing the dead: a) cremation, but it is rare because the woods are scarce. The blade is mainly incinerated. b) It is rare to be buried on earth because they consider it humiliating, where the criminals are buried. c) Gardening in water, usually in the river, is mainly for young children and the needy. d) Taxiing is a "privilege" of high-grade lamas. e) The most common way of healing is heavenly. The pile is blessed, wrapped in a shroud and transported to a rocky hill where it is chopped by experts in the caving of the domdens. The Tibetans believe that with their help the dead will be transported to the sky. |
LHASA
The city (its name means "the seat of the god"), at an altitude of 3,700 meters, with a history of more than 13 centuries (founded in 639 AD), is the capital and center of political, economic, artistic and religious activities. With more than 3000 hours of sunshine a year, it's called "THE CITY OF SUNSHINE". The seat of the Dalai Lama until 1959, remained for centuries almost inaccessible to foreigners. In 1720 he was captured by the Chinese emperor Kang-chi, who intervened in the country's religious struggles. In 1751, a Chinese protectorate was founded in Tibet, which, however, from the beginning of the nineteenth century until the creation of the People's Republic of China, had a status of independence. In 1950 Chinese troops occupied the city to perform the reattachment of Tibet, but the stabilization of Chinese hegemony was only in 1959, with the help of a popular uprising, after which the Dalai Lama was forced to flee to India.
Lhasa, situated at the center of the country's most welcoming zone, is built on the right bank of Kyi-Tsu, a tributary of the Barapoura, at an altitude of 3650, on the northeast slope of the Himalayas.
North of the city, which until 1959 was the most important center of Buddhism, rising from the valley a hill on which is built the famous and mysterious Potali (17th c.), The seat of the Dalai Lama. For the thirty monasteries surrounding Lhasa, lived tens of thousands of monks and Wonju who held the political and religious powers, a social organization remained essentially feudal.
The city, which has undergone profound reforms since 1959, now has some industrial complexes operating in the fields of food, textile, chemicals, products and tanning. Lively is the trade of agricultural and zootechnical products (wool, skins, fur).
The city (its name means "the seat of the god"), at an altitude of 3,700 meters, with a history of more than 13 centuries (founded in 639 AD), is the capital and center of political, economic, artistic and religious activities. With more than 3000 hours of sunshine a year, it's called "THE CITY OF SUNSHINE". The seat of the Dalai Lama until 1959, remained for centuries almost inaccessible to foreigners. In 1720 he was captured by the Chinese emperor Kang-chi, who intervened in the country's religious struggles. In 1751, a Chinese protectorate was founded in Tibet, which, however, from the beginning of the nineteenth century until the creation of the People's Republic of China, had a status of independence. In 1950 Chinese troops occupied the city to perform the reattachment of Tibet, but the stabilization of Chinese hegemony was only in 1959, with the help of a popular uprising, after which the Dalai Lama was forced to flee to India.
Lhasa, situated at the center of the country's most welcoming zone, is built on the right bank of Kyi-Tsu, a tributary of the Barapoura, at an altitude of 3650, on the northeast slope of the Himalayas.
North of the city, which until 1959 was the most important center of Buddhism, rising from the valley a hill on which is built the famous and mysterious Potali (17th c.), The seat of the Dalai Lama. For the thirty monasteries surrounding Lhasa, lived tens of thousands of monks and Wonju who held the political and religious powers, a social organization remained essentially feudal.
The city, which has undergone profound reforms since 1959, now has some industrial complexes operating in the fields of food, textile, chemicals, products and tanning. Lively is the trade of agricultural and zootechnical products (wool, skins, fur).